| Table 1.1 Ocular manifestations of HIV infection | ||
|---|---|---|
| Category | Examples | |
| Vasculopathy Infections |
HIV retinopathy, large-vessel occlusions Infectious keratitis, cytomegalovirus retinitis, toxoplasmosis, necrotizing herpetic retinopathy |
|
| Neoplasms Neuro-ophthalmological |
Kaposi’s sarcoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Infectious meningitis and encephalitis, central nervous system lymphoma |
|
| Antiviral medication toxicity | Didanosine retinopathy |
Fig. 1.1
Acquired immune deficiency system (AIDS) retinopathy.
mellitus or hypertension, should always be considered. HIV-positive individuals with diabetes mellitus may deveiop more severe HIV retinopathy.
Advice HIV retinopathy usually resolves without treatment within 1-2 months. The prognosis of opportunistic ocular infections has improved with advances in antiviral therapy. Many patients can be expected to live longer than 1 year, and maintenance antibiotic therapy may not always need to be continued indefinitely.
Review hllV-positive patients with T previously documented HIV retinopathy or opportunistic ocular infections should be U reviewed at least every 3 months.
Further reading Vrabec TR. Posterior segment manifestations of HIV/AIDS. Surv Ophthalmol 2004; 49:131-157.